go发送邮件

go发送邮件

🚀 Go 发送邮箱验证码 (基于 gomail)

安装依赖

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go get gopkg.in/gomail.v2

后端代码 (main.go)

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package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"log"
	"math/rand"
	"net/http"
	"time"

	"gopkg.in/gomail.v2"
)

// 邮件配置
const (
	smtpHost = "smtp.example.com"   // SMTP 服务器地址，例如 smtp.qq.com / smtp.163.com / smtp.gmail.com
	smtpPort = 587                  // SMTP 端口，QQ/163 推荐 465 或 587
	email    = "your@email.com"     // 发件人邮箱
	password = "yourpassword"       // 授权码（不是登录密码）
)

// 内存保存验证码，简单实现 (生产建议用 Redis/数据库)
var codeStore = make(map[string]string)

// 生成随机验证码
func generateCode(length int) string {
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
	digits := "0123456789"
	code := ""
	for i := 0; i < length; i++ {
		code += string(digits[rand.Intn(len(digits))])
	}
	return code
}

// 发送验证码邮件
func sendEmail(to string, code string) error {
	m := gomail.NewMessage()
	m.SetHeader("From", email)
	m.SetHeader("To", to)
	m.SetHeader("Subject", "您的验证码")
	m.SetBody("text/html", "<h2>验证码</h2><p>您的验证码是：<b>"+code+"</b></p><p>有效期 5 分钟。</p>")

	d := gomail.NewDialer(smtpHost, smtpPort, email, password)
	return d.DialAndSend(m)
}

// 请求验证码接口
func sendCodeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	type req struct {
		Email string `json:"email"`
	}
	var in req
	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&in); err != nil || in.Email == "" {
		http.Error(w, "invalid request", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}

	code := generateCode(6)
	codeStore[in.Email] = code

	if err := sendEmail(in.Email, code); err != nil {
		http.Error(w, "send mail failed: "+err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}

	resp := map[string]string{"msg": "验证码已发送"}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(resp)
}

// 验证验证码接口
func verifyCodeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	type req struct {
		Email string `json:"email"`
		Code  string `json:"code"`
	}
	var in req
	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&in); err != nil {
		http.Error(w, "invalid request", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}

	ok := codeStore[in.Email] == in.Code
	resp := map[string]bool{"ok": ok}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(resp)
}

func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/send-code", sendCodeHandler)
	http.HandleFunc("/verify-code", verifyCodeHandler)
	http.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir("."))) // 提供 index.html

	log.Println("Server running at http://localhost:8080")
	log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

前端页面 (index.html)

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>邮箱验证码 Demo</title>
</head>
<body>
  <h3>邮箱验证码 Demo</h3>

  <div>
    <input type="email" id="email" placeholder="输入邮箱地址" />
    <button onclick="sendCode()">发送验证码</button>
  </div>

  <div>
    <input type="text" id="code" placeholder="输入收到的验证码" />
    <button onclick="verify()">验证</button>
  </div>

  <p id="result"></p>

  <script>
    async function sendCode() {
      let email = document.getElementById("email").value;
      let res = await fetch("/send-code", {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {"Content-Type": "application/json"},
        body: JSON.stringify({email})
      });
      let data = await res.json();
      document.getElementById("result").innerText = data.msg || "已发送";
    }

    async function verify() {
      let email = document.getElementById("email").value;
      let code = document.getElementById("code").value;
      let res = await fetch("/verify-code", {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {"Content-Type": "application/json"},
        body: JSON.stringify({email, code})
      });
      let data = await res.json();
      document.getElementById("result").innerText = data.ok ? "✅ 验证成功" : "❌ 验证失败";
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

🔹 使用流程

  1. 在邮箱服务商（QQ 邮箱、163、Gmail 等）开启 SMTP 并获取授权码。

  2. 修改 smtpHost、smtpPort、email、password 配置。

  3. 启动服务：

    1
    go run main.go

  4. 打开浏览器访问 http://localhost:8080/。

  5. 输入邮箱 → 点击 “发送验证码” → 去邮箱查收 → 输入验证码 → 点击 “验证”。

🚀 Go 发送邮箱验证码 (基于 jordan-wright/email)

1️⃣ 安装依赖

1
go get github.com/jordan-wright/email

2️⃣ 后端代码 main.go

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package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"math/rand"
	"net/http"
	"net/smtp"
	"time"

	"github.com/jordan-wright/email"
)

// 邮件服务器配置
const (
	smtpHost = "smtp.example.com"   // SMTP 服务器地址（如 smtp.qq.com / smtp.163.com）
	smtpPort = "587"                // SMTP 端口（25 / 465 / 587）
	username = "your@email.com"     // 发件人邮箱
	password = "yourpassword"       // 邮箱授权码（不是登录密码）
)

// 内存存储验证码，实际项目建议用 Redis
var codeStore = make(map[string]string)

// 生成随机验证码
func generateCode(length int) string {
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
	digits := "0123456789"
	code := ""
	for i := 0; i < length; i++ {
		code += string(digits[rand.Intn(len(digits))])
	}
	return code
}

// 发送邮件
func sendEmail(to string, code string) error {
	e := email.NewEmail()
	e.From = username
	e.To = []string{to}
	e.Subject = "您的验证码"
	e.HTML = []byte(fmt.Sprintf("<h2>验证码</h2><p>您的验证码是：<b>%s</b></p><p>有效期 5 分钟。</p>", code))

	// 使用 net/smtp 发送
	return e.Send(smtpHost+":"+smtpPort,
		smtp.PlainAuth("", username, password, smtpHost))
}

// 发送验证码接口
func sendCodeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	type req struct {
		Email string `json:"email"`
	}
	var in req
	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&in); err != nil || in.Email == "" {
		http.Error(w, "invalid request", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}

	code := generateCode(6)
	codeStore[in.Email] = code

	if err := sendEmail(in.Email, code); err != nil {
		http.Error(w, "send mail failed: "+err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}

	resp := map[string]string{"msg": "验证码已发送"}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(resp)
}

// 验证验证码接口
func verifyCodeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	type req struct {
		Email string `json:"email"`
		Code  string `json:"code"`
	}
	var in req
	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&in); err != nil {
		http.Error(w, "invalid request", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}

	ok := codeStore[in.Email] == in.Code
	resp := map[string]bool{"ok": ok}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(resp)
}

func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/send-code", sendCodeHandler)
	http.HandleFunc("/verify-code", verifyCodeHandler)
	http.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir("."))) // 提供 index.html

	log.Println("Server running at http://localhost:8080")
	log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

3️⃣ 前端页面 index.html

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>邮箱验证码 Demo</title>
</head>
<body>
  <h3>邮箱验证码 Demo (jordan-wright/email)</h3>

  <div>
    <input type="email" id="email" placeholder="输入邮箱地址" />
    <button onclick="sendCode()">发送验证码</button>
  </div>

  <div>
    <input type="text" id="code" placeholder="输入收到的验证码" />
    <button onclick="verify()">验证</button>
  </div>

  <p id="result"></p>

  <script>
    async function sendCode() {
      let email = document.getElementById("email").value;
      let res = await fetch("/send-code", {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {"Content-Type": "application/json"},
        body: JSON.stringify({email})
      });
      let data = await res.json();
      document.getElementById("result").innerText = data.msg || "已发送";
    }

    async function verify() {
      let email = document.getElementById("email").value;
      let code = document.getElementById("code").value;
      let res = await fetch("/verify-code", {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {"Content-Type": "application/json"},
        body: JSON.stringify({email, code})
      });
      let data = await res.json();
      document.getElementById("result").innerText = data.ok ? "✅ 验证成功" : "❌ 验证失败";
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

4️⃣ 使用步骤

  1. 在邮箱（QQ/163/Gmail 等）开启 SMTP 服务，获取授权码。

  2. 修改 smtpHost、smtpPort、username、password。

  3. 启动后端：

    1
    go run main.go

  4. 打开浏览器访问 http://localhost:8080/，输入邮箱地址 → 发送验证码 → 验证。

[up主专用，视频内嵌代码贴在这]